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while和when的區(qū)別過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(while和when)

2024-07-16 20:30:42 來(lái)源: 用戶: 

哈嘍,大家好~~~我是小編田甜,關(guān)于while和when的區(qū)別過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),while和when這個(gè)很多人還不知道,那么現(xiàn)在讓田甜帶著大家一起來(lái)看看吧!

兩者的區(qū)別如下: ①when是at or during the time that, 既指時(shí)間點(diǎn),也可指一段時(shí)間; while是during the time that,只指一段時(shí)間,因此when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞可以是終止性動(dòng)詞,也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,而while從句中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。

②when 說(shuō)明從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以是同時(shí),也可以是先后發(fā)生;while 則強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作在從句動(dòng)作的發(fā)生的過(guò)程中或主從句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。

③由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,主句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),從句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí);如果從句和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,兩句都用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)候,多用while引導(dǎo),如: a. When the teacher came in, we were talking. 當(dāng)此句改變主從句的位置時(shí),則為: While we were talking, the teacher came in. b. They were singing while we were dancing. ④when和while 還可作并列連詞。

when表示“在那時(shí)”;while表示“而,卻”,表對(duì)照關(guān)系。

如: a. The children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a motor bike. 孩子們正要跑過(guò)去搬開那袋米,這時(shí)他們聽到了摩托車的聲音。

b. He is strong while his brother is weak. 他長(zhǎng)得很結(jié)實(shí),而他弟弟卻很瘦弱。

when; while 當(dāng)……時(shí)候while能用when代替; 但是when卻不一定能用while代替.while+從句, 動(dòng)作一定會(huì)延續(xù)when+延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞/瞬間動(dòng)詞; when he arrivedwhen he diedwhen,while強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) : 在過(guò)去的某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間, 或者是過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的另外一個(gè)動(dòng)作瞬間動(dòng)詞(arrive)無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)I am arriving 進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示將要When he arrived,I was having dinner.同時(shí)發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作, 均用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)When I was doing my homework,my mother was cooking.When my mother was doing the housework,my father was watching TV.同時(shí)發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作1.一個(gè)用一般過(guò)去時(shí), 另一個(gè)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)2.分工的情況, 均用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)When the plane arrived,...were waiting inside the main buildingwhile others were waiting on...While......were keeping guard at the door,two others opened the parcel.表面上是分工, 兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生, 不是同時(shí)開始同時(shí)結(jié)束, 延續(xù)時(shí)間不一致, 長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài), 短時(shí)間的動(dòng)作用過(guò)去時(shí).When someone knocked at the door,I was having dinner.when和while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句與這一時(shí)態(tài)連用。

所以區(qū)別when和while的用法成了這一單元的難點(diǎn)。

(一)、when,while都有“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”的意思。

when既可表示某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間,也可以表示某一段時(shí)間 。

在when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中,其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性的,也可以是非延續(xù)性的,可與主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生,也可在其后發(fā)生。

例如: I was just reading a book when she came into my room. 她走進(jìn)我房間時(shí),我正在看書。

2、Were you writing when the teacher came in? 老師進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候,你在寫信嗎? 3、When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. 他小時(shí)候就常常試驗(yàn)一些新的設(shè)想。

(二)、while只能表示某一段時(shí)間,不能表示某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間。

在while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中,其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能是延續(xù)性的,而且也只能與主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生或存在。

例如: While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 正當(dāng)吉姆修自行車時(shí),林濤來(lái)看他。

2、You can’t do your homework while you’re watching TV. 你不能一邊看電視一邊做家庭作業(yè)。

(三)、另外,when和while的區(qū)別還在于:while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句多用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),而when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句多用一般時(shí)態(tài)。

例如: While they were talking , the bell rang. 正在他們談話的時(shí)候,上課鈴響了。

2、I was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening. 昨天晚上媽媽回家的時(shí)候,我正在做家庭作業(yè)。

when/while都可做并列連詞.前者表and at that time,(這時(shí),突然),后者表對(duì)比,可譯為”然而”I was going downstairs when the telephone rang.Lucy is in blue while Lily is in green. when后加瞬間動(dòng)詞 while后也可加持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞when和while在引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí), 都可表示“當(dāng)什么什么的時(shí)候”如   Doctor Smith called when 或while we were preparing dinner.   當(dāng)我們正在做飯的時(shí)候, 史密斯醫(yī)生來(lái)訪了   When 或While I was in Shanghai, I met with the pop star.   當(dāng)我在上海時(shí), 碰巧遇到了那位流行歌星  【注意】   (1) when表示“什么什么的時(shí)候”, 從句中既可以用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞, 表示狀態(tài)或時(shí)間段, 也可以用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞, 表示動(dòng)作或時(shí)間點(diǎn); while表示“當(dāng)什么什么的時(shí)候”、“在什么什么期間”, 從句中只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞, 表示狀態(tài)或時(shí)間段。

例如:   It was snowing when we arrived at the station.   When he came in, we all stood up, smiling.   I was very fat when / while I was a child.   When / While she was typing, someone knocked at the door.   (2)在when或while所引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中, 如果從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同, 且動(dòng)詞又是be動(dòng)詞時(shí), 從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞往往可以省略。

例如:   When / While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called.   When / While (you’re) in trouble, turn to me for help.      2. when和while都可以表示“盡管、雖然”, 但when經(jīng)常指描述的事實(shí)或結(jié)果事與愿違或出人意料, 而while在語(yǔ)氣上含有讓步之意。

例如:   The boy was watching TV when he should have gone to bed.   雖然那孩子該睡覺(jué)了, 但他還在看電視。

  The old couple prefer walking when they might take a taxi.   盡管可以坐出租車, 那對(duì)老夫婦更愿意步行。

  While I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.   盡管我承認(rèn)他并不完美, 但我確實(shí)真地喜歡他這個(gè)人。

  While he loves his students, he is very strict with them.   雖然他愛(ài)他的學(xué)生, 但對(duì)他們的要求也很嚴(yán)格。

     3. when的其它含義和用法:   (1) 就在那時(shí)候 (= and then)   We were camping on the hill when it began to rain.   我們正在山上露營(yíng), 突然下起雨來(lái)了。

  I was about to enter the room when the door was closed.   我正要進(jìn)屋, 門忽然被關(guān)上了。

  (2) 倘若, 如果 (= if)   How can you hope for others’ help when you won’t lend your hand?   如果你不愿幫助別人, 又怎能指望得到別人的幫助呢?   Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the machine.   如果機(jī)器出故障的話, 把開關(guān)關(guān)掉。

  (3) 既然 (多置于主句后面, 語(yǔ)氣不如since強(qiáng))   I can’t tell you when you won’t listen.   既然你不愿意聽, 我也不會(huì)告訴你。

  Why leave it with me when you have enough time?   既然你有足夠的時(shí)間, 干嘛把事情留給我?      4. while的其它含義和用法:   (1) 然而, 可是   I like coffee, while my sister likes tea.   我喜歡咖啡, 而我姐姐喜歡喝茶。

  I was preparing for the exam while they were chatting.   我在準(zhǔn)備考試, 可他們卻在閑聊。

  (2) 只要   While there is water, there is hope of life.   只要有水, 就有生存的希望。

  I’ll offer help to those poor children while I’m alive.   只要我活著, 就要幫助那些貧困的孩子when幾乎可用于任何時(shí)態(tài),不受限制.。

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